Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Chloroplast, Nonsense Mutation, Reading Frame

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silverprairie-dog97

20 Apr 2016

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Prokaryotes- mrna produced by transcription is not confined within a nucleus and is therefore available immediately for translation. Eukaryotes- mrna produced by splicing of pre-mrna first exits the nucleus and is then translated into cytoplasm. Translation- mrna associated with a ribosome and trna (transfer), which brings amino acids to the complex to be joined, into the polypeptide chain. Overview: ribosomes assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain trna molecule with an aa bound to it is entering the ribosome on the right. The anticodon on the trna will pair with the codon in the mrna. Its aa will then be added to the growing polypeptide that is currently attached to the trna in the middle of the ribosome. As it assembles a polypeptide chain, the ribosome moves from one codon to the next along the mrna in the 5"3" direction trna structure trna brings aas to the ribosome for addition to the polypeptide chain.

Related Questions

1.What type of bond holds amino acids together in a polypeptide chain?

A. Peptide Bond B. Phosphodiester Bond C. Hydrogen Bond

2.Termination of translation takes place when the ribosome reaches:

A. A primer B. The promoter C. The start codon D. A stop codon

3. Which of the following is Different between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation?

A. tRNA brings amino acids to the ribosome B. Codon is complementary to anticodon C. Coding dictionary D. Occurs in same place as transcription

jadejackal930

Facts about ribosomes

Indicate whether each of the following statements aboutribosomes is true or false.

1. Ribosomes are composed of tRNA and protein. TrueFalse
2. During translation in eukaryotes, some ribosomes remain free inthe cytoplasm while others attach to protein channels embedded inthe RER. TrueFalse
3. During initiation of translation, the small ribosomal subunitjoins to the mRNA and initiator rRNA, followed by the largeribosomal subunit. TrueFalse
4. When a ribosome first assembles on the mRNA, the initiator tRNAoccupies the A site while the P and E sites are empty.TrueFalse
5. During translation, a charged tRNA first binds to the ribosomeif its anticodon matches the codon in the E site. TrueFalse
6. A peptide bond forms between the amino acid attached to a tRNAin the A site and the growing polypeptide attached to a tRNA in theP site. TrueFalse
7. Uncharged tRNA molecules in the E site are ejected from theribosome. TrueFalse
8. No more than 2 tRNA molecules are bound to a ribosome at anygiven time. TrueFalse
9. During translocation of the ribosome, tRNA molecules move fromthe P site, to the A site, to the E site, and are then ejected fromthe ribosome. TrueFalse
10. During translation, an amino acid attached to a tRNA in the Asite is transferred to a growing polypeptide attached to a tRNA inthe P site. TrueFalse

periwinklemuskrat632

Facts about ribosomes

carmineraccoon103

Biology 1202B Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Chloroplast, Nonsense Mutation, Reading Frame

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