Physiology 2130 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Diabetes Insipidus, Blood Plasma, Nephron
30 Apr 2018
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Water Handling
1. Explain how concentration changes along the length of the Nephron
2. Regulation of Water Balance
-average person expels 1.5 litres of urine/day
-a e as lo as 00l if you do’t drik aythig, or up to 2L (diaetes insipidus)
-during increased fluid intake:
-we produce large amounts of diluted urine
-osmolarity lower than in blood plasma
-during dehydration:
-aitai hoeostasis y produig lo olue of urie that’s oetrated
➢ Water & BP
-kidneys control BP through adjusting blood volume
-if total body water decreases, ECF volume decreases = decreased BP
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Document Summary
Explain how concentration changes along the length of the nephron. (cid:272)a(cid:374) (cid:271)e as lo(cid:449) as (cid:1008)00(cid:373)l if you do(cid:374)"t dri(cid:374)k a(cid:374)ythi(cid:374)g, or up to 2(cid:1009)l (dia(cid:271)etes insipidus) (cid:373)ai(cid:374)tai(cid:374) ho(cid:373)eostasis (cid:271)y produ(cid:272)i(cid:374)g lo(cid:449) (cid:448)olu(cid:373)e of uri(cid:374)e that"s (cid:272)o(cid:374)(cid:272)e(cid:374)trated. If total body water decreases, ecf volume decreases = decreased bp. High plasma osmolarity, low ecf volume = low bp. Adh released when plasma osmolarity is higher than normal. Increase plasma osmolarity causes osmoreceptors to shrink in volume triggering adh release. If ecf volume decreases, causes the release of adh by decreased ap sent to the hypothalamus via the baroreceptors: anti-diuretic hormone (adh) Sensors: osmoreceptors: (in hypothalamus, baroreceptors (in aortic arch & carotid sinus) Increases number of aquaporin 2 channels on the luminal membrane of collecting duct. More channels = more water reabsorption in collecting duct, therefore making more urine. Decreases aquaporin channels on luminal membrane of collecting duct. Water cant be reabsorbed = max excretion (overhydrated)
