EC260 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Monopsony, Marginal Utility, Tangent
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Document Summary
Lesson 2. 2: monopoly and monopolistic competition: pricing and output decisions in monopoly. Monopoly: one seller, product is unique, seller has considerable power over price, barriers to entry are high, and nonprice competition takes place in form of advertising. Unregulated monopolist can choose output level and price that results in largest diff. between firm"s total revenue and total cost. Maximize profit: take derivative with respect to output and set it to equal 0. Relationship between mr and own price elasticity of demand: Mr for a monopoly firm = price something positive price > mr. Managers won"t produce where mr is negative | | < 1 demand is inelastic. Monopolist won"t produce in inelastic range of demand when maximizing profit. With linear demand, mr curve has intercept as demand curve, but slope is twice. When mr > 0, demand is in elastic. So if monopolist produces at positive mr, it"ll range of demand that"s elastic.
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Consider the following market demand schedule and total costs for a monopoly.
Q | P | TR | TC | MR | MC | Profit | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
0 | 45 | Ā | 4 | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
1 | 40 | Ā | 9 | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
2 | 35 | Ā | 19 | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
3 | 30 | Ā | 39 | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
4 | 25 | Ā | 61 | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
5 | 20 | Ā | 91 | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
6 | 15 | Ā | 130 | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
7 | 10 | Ā | 172 | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā | Ā |
a) Fill in the blanks.
b) How is the relationship between price and MR different between monopolistic and perfectly competitive markets?
c) Would the demand curve facing a monopolistic competitive market be more or less elastic than the demand curve facing a monopolist, why? Do firms in a monopolistically competitive market make long-run economic profits, why or why not?