BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Elongation Factor, Alternative Splicing, Transfer Rna

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carminewater-buffalo256

4 Jun 2019

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Translation - elongation: the amino acids in the p site get transferred to the trna on the a site, and the one in the p site gets pushed to the e site and leaves. Peptide elongation during translation: bringing in the trna into the a site and making it match the codon doesn"t just happen on its own. It requires an elongation factor, which uses gtp for energy. Its the hydrolysis of the gtp that pushes the ribosome along, and pushes the trna into the next site. Lots of ribosomes can associate with the mrna at the same time to form lots of polypeptides at the same time. After proteins get translated, they are not usually functional. They still have to be modi ed by having amino acids removed from them or sugars added to them. Determining how much of a functional protein is available in a cell at any time is referred to as regulation.

Related Questions

Facts about ribosomes

Indicate whether each of the following statements aboutribosomes is true or false.

1. Ribosomes are composed of tRNA and protein. TrueFalse
2. During translation in eukaryotes, some ribosomes remain free inthe cytoplasm while others attach to protein channels embedded inthe RER. TrueFalse
3. During initiation of translation, the small ribosomal subunitjoins to the mRNA and initiator rRNA, followed by the largeribosomal subunit. TrueFalse
4. When a ribosome first assembles on the mRNA, the initiator tRNAoccupies the A site while the P and E sites are empty.TrueFalse
5. During translation, a charged tRNA first binds to the ribosomeif its anticodon matches the codon in the E site. TrueFalse
6. A peptide bond forms between the amino acid attached to a tRNAin the A site and the growing polypeptide attached to a tRNA in theP site. TrueFalse
7. Uncharged tRNA molecules in the E site are ejected from theribosome. TrueFalse
8. No more than 2 tRNA molecules are bound to a ribosome at anygiven time. TrueFalse
9. During translocation of the ribosome, tRNA molecules move fromthe P site, to the A site, to the E site, and are then ejected fromthe ribosome. TrueFalse
10. During translation, an amino acid attached to a tRNA in the Asite is transferred to a growing polypeptide attached to a tRNA inthe P site. TrueFalse

periwinklemuskrat632

Facts about ribosomes

carmineraccoon103

Given the wobble rules, what is the fewest number of tRNAs necessary to insert the amino acid Leu into a peptide, and what is the anticodon for each tRNA? There are six codons that specify Leu: UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, CUG. Keep in mind all sequences in this question are written 5' to 3'

A) two, with anticodons IAA and GAG

B) two, with anticodons UAA and IAG

C)three, with anticodons IAA, GAG, and UAG

D) three, with anticodons UAA, GAG, and UAG

E)three, with anticodons UAA, IAG, and UAG

A researcher isolates a mutant variant of the bacterial translation factor EF-G. The mutation allows proper folding of the protein and binding of GTP, but does not allow GTP hydrolysis. At what stage would translation be blocked by this mutant protein?

A)Binding of fMet-tRNA^fMet to P site.

B) Second aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the ribosomal A site.

C) Formation of peptide bond between amino acids.

D) Movement of ribosome along the mRNA to allow binding of a new EF-TuâtRNA in A site.

BIOL 1000 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Elongation Factor, Alternative Splicing, Transfer Rna

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