BIOL 1001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 37: Allometry, Body Plan, Globin
26 Mar 2017
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Document Summary
Major source of new genes is duplication of existing genes. Mistakes made during dna replication or unequal crossing over. Gene family: genes similar to each other in structure & function- similar in terms of arrangement, exons, introns, splicing. Evidence of new genes come from gene duplication comes from gene families. Gene duplication (+) gain in numbers of copies of some genes relative to mrca (-) loss in numbers of copies of some genes relative to mrca. Evolution of new linages & species is a result of loss of old & gain of new genes. Duplicated genes can lead to rapid speciation due to new structures & fucntions. When duplications are not harmful, gene duplication provides an opportunity for copies of the gene to evolve into a new structure & thus perform a new function. As long as one copy performs the original function, the other one can perform new functions & mutations can change its function.
