BIOL 3155 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Attenuated Vaccine, Subclinical Infection, Diphtheria
17 Feb 2018
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Natural: exposure to subclinical infection, or mother nature. Artificial : attenuated organisms, to change the virus which is strong to a weak virus, which is still replicating, killed/subunit organisms, small fragments. Genetic engineering, need to know the sequence of amino acids that give you immunity and inject this into people: toxin/toxoid. Diphtheria which is a toxin, we"re making the toxin which has no toxic effect but still has the pathogenicity. Live, attenuated vaccines contain a version of the living microbe that has been weakened in the lab so it can"t cause disease. Because a live, attenuated vaccine is the closest thing to a natural infection. These vaccines are good teachers of the immune system: they elicit strong cellular and antibody responses and often confer lifelong immunity with only one or two doses. Despite the advantages of live, attenuated vaccines, there are some downsides.
