PHIL 2015 Lecture Notes - Lecture 36: Tumor Suppressor Gene, Ovarian Cancer, Retina
23 May 2020
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Document Summary
Genetic mutations can lead to cell transformations. Could occur later in life due to environmental toxins, etc. Less than 10% of cancer patients have a mutation that predispose them to cancer. Hereditary can be divided into three categories. Inherit a single gene and usually a tumour suppressor gene. A mutant version will become non-functional and cause pathogenesis. Mutant rb: retinoblastoma is a malignant carcinoma in the retina of the eye and osteosarcoma which is a bone cancer. Mutant apc: by age 50 they will have colon cancer, usually have to remove entire colon by teenage or early adulthood since colon cancer is inevitable in these patients. Not able to repair dna damage and it accumulates over time and leads to carcinogenesis, hereditary non polyposis colon cancer. Msh genes are dna repair genes and can develop the adenoma around early teens and develop the colon cancer, also apply to cancer of the uterus.
