B MGT 341 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Attribution Bias
Perception, Attribution, Diversity
Perception
• A cognitive process that enables us to interpret and understand our surroundings
• OB is concerned with social perception
• Important in OB because perception affects actions and decisions
Stereotype
• An idiidual’s set of eliefs aout the harateristis or attriutes of a group
• May or may not be accurate
• Can lead to poor decisions
• Can create barriers for:
o Women
o Older individuals
o People of color
o People with disabilities
• Managerial Challenges and Recommendations
o Educate people about stereotypes and how they influence behavior and decision
making
o Create opportunities for diverse employees to meet and work with others
o Encourage all employees to increase their awareness
Causal Attributions
• Suspected or inferred causes of behavior
• Important because the attributions affect organizational behavior
Kelley’s Model of Attribution
• Based o Heider’s theory that ehaior a e attriuted either to iteral fators ithi a
person or external factors within the environment
• People make causal attributions by observing three dimensions of behavior:
o Consensus
o Distinctiveness
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Document Summary
Perception: a cognitive process that enables us to interpret and understand our surroundings, ob is concerned with social perception. Important in ob because perception affects actions and decisions. Causal attributions: suspected or inferred causes of behavior. Attributional tendencies: fundamental attribution bias, o(cid:374)e"s te(cid:374)de(cid:374)(cid:272)y to attri(cid:271)ute a(cid:374)other perso(cid:374)"s (cid:271)eha(cid:448)ior to his or her perso(cid:374)al characteristics, as opposed to situational factors, self-serving bias, o(cid:374)e"s te(cid:374)de(cid:374)(cid:272)y to take (cid:373)ore perso(cid:374)al respo(cid:374)si(cid:271)ility for su(cid:272)(cid:272)ess tha(cid:374) for failure. Diversity: represents the multitude of individual differences and similarities that exist among people, study of demographics helps us to best appreciate diversity, demographics are the statistical measurements of populations and their qualities over time. Layers of diversity: personality (stable set of characteristics) Internal or surface-level characteristics are apparent to others (unchangeable: external influences and organizational dimensions are considered deep-level characteristics that take time to emerge in interactions.
