PHY3111 Study Guide - Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Stem Cell, Organoid
Document Summary
Intestinal stem cells: can be used to establish organoids, or mini gut" cultures. Haematopoietic stem cells: are multipotent and can generate many cell types. How to test if a cell is really a stem cell: generating an organoid: grow the cell in isolation & determine if it is capable of forming all cells in a tissue. Ex: transplant the cell into recipient tissue & show that it can repopulate an organ. Tissues containing stem cells are prone to cancer. Failure of normal stem cell division can lead to cancer. Pathways that control stem cell behaviour such as wnt signalling are often elevated in cancer. Embryonic stem cells: are derived from the inner cell of blastocyst & generate cells of all 3 germ layers. All tissues in an embryo originate from cells in the inner cell mass of the blastocyst. This can be solved by using patient-specific es cells. Ethical issue: these cells are produced by a human embryo.
