PHL273H1 Lecture Notes - James Rachels, Speciesism, Jab

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5 Aug 2022
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Most philosophical writers writing with this question in mind. Who"s in and who"s out of the moral community. Which beings have moral standing to which beings do we have direct moral duties. Kant we only have indirect moral duties to animals. Go astray in focusing only on question 1. 1) all and only humans have moral standing. Problem if it"s true, we should be able to say why all and only humans have. Very hard to do what is it about humans that would justify saying that moral standing only they matter. 2) only beings that are self conscious, or autonomous, or rational have moral standing. 3) only beings with the capacity for moral judgment and action have moral standing. Problem set the bar too high for inclusion. 4) all animals that can feel pain have moral standing. Kagan if speciesism is a mere prejudice, so is drawing the line here.

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