ZOOL241 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Alpha Helix, Integrin, Cell Membrane

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1mmun1t3

17 Sep 2022

School

University of Alberta

Department

Zoology (Biological Sciences)

Course

ZOOL241

Professor

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Document Summary

Recall holocrine/estuary is mixing region of salt and fresh. Water moves to region with higher osmolarity, the ions move out. It wants to return to it"s og volume. Q: homeostasis in crab occurring where line is flat despite changing environment. (200-800 mosm) Choline (aa) + phosphate head, glycerol backbone, two fatty acid chains (saturated or unsaturated) Are amphipathic, nonpolar and polar regions. (like soaps) Maintains membrane fluidity at high or low temperatures. Can be peripheral (noncovalently attached), transmembrane (amphipathic), or integral (lipid loving). Maintaining fluidity and flexibility is crucial for function. Unsaturation of fatty acid tails changes in different temperatures. Single cell layer for frogs who breath via skin (cutaneous resp. ) Intestinal ones have microvilli to increase surface area for absorption. Note, endocrine cells are ductless glands, secrete into blood.

Related Questions

What is the relationship of:

- glycerol and phospholipids

- heads and tail cartoon and membrane phospholipids

- condensation reactions and synthesis of membrane phospholipids

- membrane fluidity and cell function

- length of fatty acid chains in phospholipids and membrane fluidity

- saturation of fatty acid chains in phospholipids and membrane fluidity

- amphipathic nature of cholesterol and its ability to interact with membrane phospholipids

- lipid rafts and membrane fluidity

- ether linkages in phospholipids and response to acidic conditions

- ester linkages in phospholipids and response to acidic conditions

- strong detergent such as SDS and membrane proteins

- weak detergent such as Triton X-100 and membrane proteins

- detergents and their effect on lipid bilayers

ivoryrabbit483

1)(a) Saturated fatty acid tails have a different shape than unsaturated fatty acid tails. Briefly explain what this means in terms of chemical bonds.

(b) How does the difference in chemical bonds between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids affect the shape of these molecules.

(c) Cell membranes are made mostly of phospholipids (which contain fatty acids) that must maintain fluidity. What type of phospholipids would be better at maintaining fluidity: saturated phospholipids or unsaturated phospholipids? Explain your answer (and make sure your explanation relates to part b).

22- 25

22. As the temperature in a cellular membrane cools, the membrane
a. switches from a fluid state to a solid state
b. switches froma solid state to a liquid state
c. remains fluid if it has many phospholipids
d. A and C
e. B and C

23. How does cholestrol affect affect membranes?
a. it restrains the movement of phospholipids at warm temepratures
b. it maintains membrane fluidity by preventing high packing
c. it provides a bridge for molecules of pass into the cell
d. A and B
e. All of the above

24. An amphipathic protein
a. has hydrophilic regions
b. has regions that protude outside of the membrane
c. resides in the bilayer
d. B and C
E. All of the above

25.The major electrogenic pump for animals is
a. The sodium-potassium pump
b. The proton-Pump

ZOOL241 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Alpha Helix, Integrin, Cell Membrane

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