Which of the following is an example of endosymbiosis?
A
a eukaryotic cell was ingested by a prokaryote and eventually became an organelle.
B
a white blood cell engulfs a microbe.
C
a prokaryotic cell was ingested by a eukaryote and eventually became an organelle.
D
a structured community of bacterial cells on a surface.
Which of the following is an example of endosymbiosis?
A
a eukaryotic cell was ingested by a prokaryote and eventually became an organelle.
B
a white blood cell engulfs a microbe.
C
a prokaryotic cell was ingested by a eukaryote and eventually became an organelle.
D
a structured community of bacterial cells on a surface.
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The endosymbiont theory suggests that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from ancient bacteria that were ingested by primitive nucleated cells. Biologists have proposed that endosymbiosis led to the evolution of other cellular structures, such as flagella and peroxisomes, as well. Over hundreds of millions of years, the ingested bacteria lost features not essential for survival inside the host cell.
Part B
Explain your reasoning.
Drag the terms on the left to the appropriate blanks on the right to complete the sentences.
phagocytosis pinocytosis phagocytic pinocytic invaginations protrusions An identical arrangement of membranes follows _: the ingested bacterium is surrounded by the membrane of the _ vacuole. The thylakoid membrane systems found in chloroplasts may also be derived from ingested bacteria, because thylakoids form from _ of the inner membrane that pinch off to generate a separate membrane system. Part E Peroxisomes, unlike mitochondria or chloroplasts, scarcely resemble free-living organisms. Assuming peroxisomes evolved from ingested bacteria, describe three features mitochondria retain but peroxisomes apparently lost over hundreds of millions of years. Select all that apply.
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