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DNA Structure and Function Lab Report

Summary Questions

  1. Name the three major components of DNA.

  1. Which nitrogen bases pair within DNA?

  1. What is the difference between replication, transcription, andtranslation?
  1. Describe an advantage of genetic engineering.

  1. List three differences between DNA & RNA.

DNA

RNA
  1. If the base sequence on one DNA strand is 3’ CCTAGTTAG 5’, whatwill the sequence be on the other strand of the helix duringreplication?

DNA

3’

C

C

T

A

G

T

T

A

G

5’

DNA

5’

3’

  1. If 3’ TGACCCATC 5’ serves as the template for transcription,what will be the sequence of nitrogen bases on the newly formed RNAstrand?

DNA

3’

T

G

A

C

C

C

A

T

C

5’

mRNA

5’

3’
  1. If a mRNA sequence is 3’ UAA 5’, give the amino acid coded forduring translation. Refer to the chart in Exercise 5 of theLab.

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Jamar Ferry
Jamar FerryLv2
30 Sep 2019
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Related questions

A. Please identify the mRNA and polypeptide sequence for the below DNA using the genetic codon table. (Note: the direction of mRNA is important! Keep in mind that the genetic codons are read from 5’ to 3’ direction on mRNA. Also, RNA bases are A, U, C, G instead of A, T, C, G)

3’ – GTT – TAC – CTT – CTC – TCC – TCA – GAC – ATC – GCA – 5’ (Template strand)

5’ – CAA – ATG – GAA –GAG – AGG – AGT –CTG – TAG – CGT – 3’ (Non-template/Coding strand)

B. Please identify the mutation type (silent, missense, nonsense, frameshift) on the following DNA sequence as compared to the original sequence from question A.

3’ – GTT – TAC – CTT – CTC – TTC – TCA – GAC – ATC – GCA – 5’ (Template strand) 5’ – CAA – ATG – GAA –GAG – AAG –AGT – CTG – TAG – CGT – 3’(Non-template/Coding strand)

C. Please identify the mutation type (silent, missense, nonsense, frameshift) on the following DNA sequence as compared to the original sequence from question A.

3’ – GTT – TAC – CTT – ATC – TCC – TCA – GAC – ATC – GCA – 5’ (Template strand)

5’ – CAA – ATG – GAA –TAG – AGG – AGT – CTG – TAG – CGT – 3’(Non-template/Coding strand)

Please identify the mutation type (silent, missense, nonsense, frameshift) on the following DNA sequence as compared to the original sequence from question 1.

Question 1: *Please identify the mRNA and polypeptide sequence for the below DNA using the genetic codon table. (Note: the direction of mRNA is important! Keep in mind that the genetic codons are read from 5’ to 3’ direction on mRNA. Also, RNA bases are A, U, C, G instead of A, T, C, G)*

3’ – GTT – TAC – CTT – CTC – TCC – TCA – GAC – ATC – GCA – 5’ (Template strand)

5’ – CAA – ATG – GAA –GAG – AGG – AGT –CTG – TAG – CGT – 3’ (Non-template/Coding strand)

3’ – GTT – TAC – CTT – CTT – TCC – TCA – GAC – ATC – GCA – 5’ (Template strand)

5’ – CAA – ATG – GAA –GAA – AGG – AGT – CTG – TAG – CGT – 3’ (Non-template/Coding strand)

DNA Structure and Function LabReport

  1. DNA Structure
  2. Which two scientists are credited with discovering DNA?
  1. Name the nitrogen bases that are purines.
  1. Which nitrogen base pairs with thymine?
  1. List the three components of a nucleotide.
  1. DNA Replication
  2. What is the purpose of DNA replication?
  1. How many times does replication occur in the life of acell?
  1. In the Lab, Exercise 2, the original strand on the left had thebases shown below. Input the new bases that correctly pair with theoriginal strand.

Original

New

C

A

G

T
  1. RNA Structure
  1. Describe the structure and function of RNA.
  1. Refer to Exercise 3 and record the bases of the RNA strandproduced from the replicated DNA strand.

DNA

RNA

C

A

G

T

  1. Record the differences between DNA and RNA in the tablebelow.

DNA

RNA

Sugars

Bases

Strands

  1. RNA Synthesis

  1. The process of assembling RNA is called _________.
  1. How is replication different from transcription?
  1. Refer to Exercise 4. Write the letters for the base sequence ofmRNA in the spaces below DNA. Note that the order is reversed;start with the 3’ end of the DNA strand and the 5’ end of the mRNAstrand. Transcription is DNA to mRNA. Note RNA contains Uracilinstead of Thymine; There is no thymine in RNA.

DNA

3’

C

G

T

C

G

T

C

C

A

A

T

T

5’

mRNA

5’

3’

  1. Protein Synthesis

  1. What type of RNA provides amino acids to build polypeptidechains?

  1. If a mRNA strand has the bases 5’ CUC 3’, what amino acid willbe translated? Refer to the printable chart in Exercise 5.

  1. Where in the cell does translation occur?
  1. Genes

  1. What could be the problem if there is a change in the basesequence of a gene as it is passed down to the offspring?
  1. Give an example of a disorder that results from changes in theamino acid sequence.
  1. What causes sickle cell anemia?
  1. Gene Cloning
  1. What is the function of a plasmid?
  1. Print the document from Lab, Exercise 6. Complete the activityalong with the video demonstration. Sign, date, and take an imageof your final product and include with this lab report.

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