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25 May 2018

Brad ran a 6.2-km race for his cross-country team. The weather was cool, but he started to sweat during the race and continued to sweat for a short time afterward. Evaporation of the sweat from his body then caused him to feel cold. Explain how the autonomic nervous system functioned to control Brad's body temperature during and after the race.

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Lelia Lubowitz
Lelia LubowitzLv2
26 May 2018
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Related questions

Mike is sitting inhis

athletic training suite feeling sorry for himself. He movedfrom

Southern California to play soccer at Northern MinnesotaUniversity

(NMU) as a highly recruited player. All was well until he gotsick

with a miserable cold. He soon recovered, but now he findshimself

with a lingering dry cough and difficulty catching his breathany

time he exerts himself, which is every day! He also notices ithas

gotten worse as the weather has become colder. To makethings

worse, Mike feels, and looks, like he's out of shape, so hiscoach

has been criticizing him for dogging it. A few days later,Mike

relays his story to JP, the head athletic trainer at NMU."I'm

thinking my cold is coming back, or something else is wrongwith

me. When I'm just hanging out, like now, I feel fine. But assoon

as I start to run I get winded and can't stop coughing." JPlistens

to Mike's breathing sounds with his stethoscope, but hearsnothing

abnormal. So he tells Mike to come back as soon as thesymptoms

return during soccer practice. Twenty minutes later, Mike isback

in the athletic training suite, audibly wheezing, coughing,and

short of breath. The team physician, Dr. McInnis, happens tobe

there and performs a complete physical exam. He also doespulmonary

function tests with Mike using spirometry, including a forcedvital

capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1).

He instructs Mike to take a maximal inhalation and then exhaleas

forcefully and maximally as possible into the spirometer. Basedon

his findings, Dr. McInnis tells Mike he thinks he isexperiencing

cold-induced bronchoconstriction (also called cold-inducedasthma),

which is made worse by exertion. The doctor explains to Mikethat

his recent upper respiratory infection probably inflamed his

airways, making them hypersensitive and reactive to irritants,such

as cold and physical exertion. When Mike exercises in thecold,

autumn afternoons of Minnesota, his sensitive airwaystemporarily

bronchoconstrict, causing the symptoms he is experiencing.Asthma

is almost always a reversible condition. Dr. McInnis prescribestwo

puffs of an albuterol inhaler, to be used 10 minutes before about

of exercise in the cold.


How does Mike's body make thenecessary

changes in intrapulmonary pressure to maintain normal air flowwhen

he is experiencing cold-induced asthma?



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