AST210H1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Main Sequence, Minute And Second Of Arc, Parsec

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champagnejackal661

21 Jan 2013

School

UTSG

Department

Astronomy & Astrophysics

Course

AST210H1

Professor

Ingrid L.Stefanovic

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Document Summary

So far, our model of the universe have only looked at empirically fitting to data. Inertia - the tendency to resist changes in motion or the tendency of an object to maintain whatever speed and direction of motion. Acceleration a change in an object"s speed. Mass - (kilograms) an object"s measure of inertia (remains the same independent of location) Mass = a property possessed by matter that represents its inertia (the mass of your body is a fixed quantity) Weight (pounds) the gravitational force felt by an object (weight depends on location on earth"s surface, weight is directly proportional to mass) Centripetal force - force necessary to keep an object moving in a circle. Linear motion change in speed (forward or backwards) Circular motion change in direction (towards centre of circle) Orbital motion change in speed and direction (towards object being orbited) Wavelength distance between successive peaks in a wave. Radial velocity a star"s velocity towards or away from us.

Related Questions

Match the following words with their descriptions:

1. Speed 2, Velocity 3, Acceleration 4. Force 5. Mass 6. Inertia

Rate at which an object covers a distance, disregarding direction.

Rate at which an object covers a distance in a given direction.

The tendency of objects to not change their state of motion unless acted on by an outside force.

Measure of the amount of matter in an object.

Rate at which an object changes its velocity.

A push or pull on an object, that when unopposed, results in a change in the object's state of motion.

ivoryllama613

a.) A hockey puck is observed to be sliding along a flatfrictionless surface at a speed of 4 cm/min. There is no net forceacting on the puck. Assuming it doesn't smash into anything, howfast will the puck be going 17 min later?
cm/min

b.) An object is accelerating. Which one of the followingstatements is true?
The object must be speeding up.
Gravity must be causing the object to accelerate.
The object must be changing directions.
The object must be slowing down.
There is a net force acting on the object.

c.) A 100 kg block weighs 220 lb on Earth. If the block weretransported to a planetary body that had a smaller free fallacceleration (as compared to Earth), which one of the followingwould be true?
The block would have the same weight and a smaller mass.
The block would have the same mass and a bigger weight.
The block would have the same mass and the same weight.
The block would have the same weight and a bigger mass.
The block would have the same mass and a smaller weight.
d.) What does it mean (in physics) to say that a quantity isconserved?
It means that the quantity is not being used.
It means the total amount is zero.
It means the total amount never changes.
It means it's being saved up.

e.) At a certain point in time, the total energy of a closed systemis observed to be 176 J. Which one of the following statements istrue?
Three hours later the energy of the system is 352 J.
Four hours later the energy of the system is 88 J.
All of the energy must be kinetic if the objects are moving.
Twelve hours later the energy of the system is 176 J.
Some of the energy must be potential.

g.) Which of the following statements are impossible? Choose allthat apply.
The parked truck had 8770 J of KE.
The scooter had 0 J of KE and 0 kgÂ·m/s of momentum.
A ball moving in a circle had 0 N of net force acting on it.
A box had an acceleration of 0 m/s2 while a net force of 311 Nacted on it.
Jack exerted 18 N of force due east on a cart. As a direct result,the cart exerted 18 N of force due west upon Jack.
A toothpick exerts a smaller gravitational force upon the Moon thanthe Moon exerts upon it.

a.) Two balls make up a closed system. Ball A has 701 J of energyand ball B has 78 J. After they collide, ball A has 665 J. How muchenergy does ball B have after they collide?
J

b.) An asteroid and a comet collide head on. Prior to thecollision, the asteroid has a momentum of 700,000 kgÂ·m/s up and thecomet has a momentum of 800,000 kgÂ·m/s down. After the collisionthe asteroid has a momentum of 750,000 kgÂ·m/s down. After thecollision, what is the comet's momentum?
kgÂ·m/s
North
South
East
West
Up
Down
Left
Right
No direction because the comet has stopped

c.) How much does a 28 kg object weigh on Moon? Please feel free toreference the Solar System Data table located at the beginning ofUnit II.
______N

d.) A 660 N net force acts on a 42 kg object. Determine theobject's acceleration.
_____m/s2

e.) Calculate the gravitational force between a 657 kg object(resting on Earth) and the Moon. The mass of the Moon is 7.347Ã1022kg and the distance between the object & the Moon is 3.844Ã108m.
____N

AST210H1 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Main Sequence, Minute And Second Of Arc, Parsec

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