PSYC 215 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Thomas Gilovich, Harold Kelley, Availability Heuristic
11 Mar 2013
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Document Summary
Belief perseverance: persistence of one"s initial conceptions, as when the basis for one"s belief is discredited but an explanation of why the belief might be true survives. Misinformation effect: incorporating misinformation into one"s memory of the event, after witnessing an event and receiving misleading information about it. Overconfidence phenomenon: the tendency to be more confident than correct-to overestimate the accuracy of one"s beliefs. Confirmation bias: a tendency to search for information that confirms one"s preconceptions. Heuristics: a thinking strategy that enables quick, efficient judgments. Representativeness heuristic: the tendency to presume, sometimes despite contrary offs, that someone or something belongs to a particular group if resembling (representing) a typical member. Available heuristics: a cognitive rule that judges the likelihood of things in terms of their availability in memory. If instances of something come readily to mind, we presume it to be commonplace. Illusory correlation: perception of a relationship where none exists, or perception of a stronger relationship than actually exists.
