KINESIOL 1C03 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Diabetic Retinopathy, Blurred Vision, Impaired Glucose Tolerance

• School: McMaster University
• Department: Kinesiology
• Course: KINESIOL 1C03
• Professor: Krista Howarth

Document Summary

A chronic metabolic disorder which adversely affects the body"s ability to manufacture and/or utilize insulin: result: high blood glucose levels. What is insulin: anabolic hormone (signals variety of pathways to build things: increases triglyceride and glycogen synthesis inside tissue as well as increasing protein synthesis. Why do we need insulin increase uptake of glucose by various tissues. Where is insulin produced: pancreas (islets of langerhans: b cells produce insulin and secrete in response to high blood sugar. Binds to isulin receptors which cause a cascade of signalling pathways to occur in the cell. Signals a pool of glut-4 transporters which are located inside muscle cells and signals them to move to the plasma membrane. Normally glut-4 transporters are found inside cell; once insulin binds they move to membrane which allows for increased glucose uptake from blood. Insulin acts on liver to increase uptake of glucose and storage as glycogen. Muscles highest storage of glycogen in body.