BIOC 3570 Study Guide - Final Guide: Myc, Transforming Growth Factor Beta, E2F
16 Dec 2015
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Signals must occur at the right place (spatial control) and the right time (temporal control) In any signalling pathway, look for conserved areas like the receptors, transducers, adapters, molecular switches and effectors first. Phosphatases: substrate specific phosphatases who will remove phosphate groups from all the effectors in the kinase cascade. There are not phosphatase cascades, one single phosphatase would act on each effector. Gaps: molecular switch must be turned off, so gaps hydrolyze the gtp to convert it back to inactive gdp form. Receptor internalization: rtks are usually removed from the cell surface after activation. Phosphodiesterases (like phosphatases): hydrolysis of camp by phosphodiesterases so it will not bind pka will turn pka off. Gtpases: converts gtp back to gdp and re-associates the g protein into its three subunits. Cholera toxin: operates by locking the alpha subunit in the on position resulting in a continuous signalling pathway that will not be turned off. Kinases are residue specific, but also sequence specific!
