PHL275H1 Study Guide - Final Guide: Categorical Imperative, Meta-Ethics

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purplezebra711

6 Dec 2011

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Normative ethics: from hobbes egoism until singer animals and moore, how we ought to behave. Metaethics: can we even identify what is good; what do we mean when we use ethical language. Only need a few lines per quotation: section two: essay question. Analyze an ethical dilemma using the philosophers we studied. Choice of 2: section three: essay question. Have to compare ideas and make an argument. Choice of 3: section four: essay question. Mill: happiness is achievable for everybody, every civilized country has the means to give everyone an opportunity to cultivate their interests; can create the opportunity for happiness. It is significant because if we did not preserve our self-interest, life would be poor, nasty, brutish and short. Hobbes: egoist- yes, this is moral because it is in your interest. Ross: right- getting the book back, good- returning what you borrowed- reparation, distinguish between good and right for ross and the prima facie duty of returning the book.

Related Questions

Philosophy

Reflection Question: What do you value?

I value vacations and playing video games. I put forward the idea these are valuable things to me. However, playing video games is only an instrumental value. In other words, young students play video games because they receive joy and satisfaction from playing video games. Do you agree?

Question 1: Is traveling the world (vacations abroad) desirable because it is instrumentally valuable, i.e., only valuable because it will help you achieve or acquire other things you desire? Is this because you think it is bad (unpleasant) in itself or just neutral (neither desirable nor undesirable)? Or is traveling the world also intrinsically valuable, i.e. valuable for its own sake? If so, why?

Question 2: Is playing video games (Xbox, Playstation, Nintendo Switch) desirable because it is instrumentally valuable, i.e., only valuable because it will help you achieve or acquire other things you desire? Is this because you think it is bad (unpleasant) in itself or just neutral (neither desirable nor undesirable)? Or is playing video games also intrinsically valuable, i.e. valuable for its own sake? If so, why?

coralmarten56

Question 4. You are driving your car at 45 mph. Your car has mass1435kg. You run into a car that has mass 1084kg and is going 55 mphin the opposite direction. The two cars lock bumpers, so they movetogether. No one hits the brakes. How fast will the cars move afterthe collision? Give your answer in mph to two decimal places.

Correct answer: 1.97

Question 5 (1 point)
If your distance from the center of a planet becomes 0.81 timeswhat it was before, what happens to your weight? Give the answer interms of the number by which you would multiply your originalweight. Express your answer in scientific notation, to threesignificant figures. E.g. if you move to 3.4 times as far from thecenter of the planet as you were before, your weight would bemultiplied by (1/3.4 squared) = 0.08650519=8.65E-2. This answer hasNO units

Correct answer: 1.52E0 (1.52 * 100)

Question 6 (1 point)
If you weigh 232.12 lb on the Earth, what do you weigh at the topof a tower (on Earth) where the tower is 0.22 Earth radii tall.Give your answer in pounds to two decimal places.

Correct answer: 155.95

Question 7 (1 point)
If you weigh 96.6 lb on the Earth. Then the Earth collapses. Thereis no change of Earth's total mass, and the surface just contracts,but the radius decreases to 0.15 times what it was formally? Whatdo you weigh after the expansion. Tell the number of pounds to twodecimal places.

Correct answer: 4293.33

Question 8 (1 point)
If you weigh 142.2 lb on the Earth, what do you weigh on adifferent planet where the planet has mass 1.0 times as much asEarth's and radius 0.5 times as large as Earth's. Give your answerin pounds to two decimal places.

Correct answer: 568.80

Question 9 (1 point)
What is the smallest velocity that will enable you to escape fromthe Earth if you are 2.66 Earth radii from the center of the Earth?Give your answer in scientific notation to three significantfigures. Remember that the Earth orbits the Sun at 30 km/sec andthat satellites at about 1 Earth radius from the center go 7.8km/sec.

Correct answer: 6.76E0 (6.76 * 100)

Question 10 (1 point)
You hit the 8 ball and it moves East at 3.8 cm/sec. It hits the 3ball. After the collision, the 8 ball continues to move, but withspeed 2.3 in the East direction. How fast does the 3 ball move?Tell the answer to one decimal place and follow it by the directionthat it moves.

Correct answer: 1.5

Question 11 (1 point)
A rocket has 556 kg of fuel and 142 kg of solid parts. The fuelexits the rocket at a speed of 4504 meters/second. If the fuelcomes out all at one moment, how fast will the rocket be goingafter the fuel leaves? Assume that the rocket and the fuel were notmoving before the fuel left. Use the positive sign for thedirection that the fuel goes. Express your answer in scientificnotation to three significant figures.

Correct answer: -1.76E4 (-1.76 * 104)

A Particle in a box
In order to answer the following questions you will need toconsideran infinite potential
well of length L, in which a particle has been confined.

1. For principal quantum number n=7, write code to calculatethenormalization constant.
Then, plot the probability density function for this state (usingL= 10).
2. Using the properly normalized wave equation from Question1,write code to determine
the expectation values <x> and <x2> . Is <x>oneof the most probable positions? Explain
why.
3. Using the properly normalized wave equation from Question1,write code to determine
the expectation values <p> and <p2> . Show the valueyouobtain for <p2> is equal to
2mE7 (where E7 is the energy of the n = 7 level). Remember that pisa differential
operator so you will have to use the diff command.
4. The uncertainty of a quantum measurement is defined on page222,Equation 6.41 (3rd
edition SMM). Using this equation calculate the uncertainties oftheposition and
momentum of a particle in the n = 5 state. Compute the productofthese uncertainties and
compare this with the prediction of the Heisenberguncertaintyprinciple.
Quantum oscillator
5. Repeat calculations in the previous question for the groundstatewave function of the
quantum oscillator. Comment on the obtained result.

PHL275H1 Study Guide - Final Guide: Categorical Imperative, Meta-Ethics

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