🏷️ LIMITED TIME OFFER: GET 20% OFF GRADE+ YEARLY SUBSCRIPTION →
Log in
HomeStudy Guides420,000CA160,000

Biochemistry 2280A Study Guide - Final Guide: Erwin Chargaff, Rna Splicing, Phosphodiester Bond

29 views7 pages
ivorymarten910
12 Mar 2016
School
Western University
Department
Biochemistry
Course
Biochemistry 2280A
Professor
Chris Brandl

For unlimited access to Study Guides, a Grade+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

There are two types of nitrogenous bases: purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil) Nucleotide: a sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group. Sugars joined via phosphodiester linkages between c3" hydroxyl group and c5" phosphate group. 5" end: 5" carbon is not attached to another monosaccharide. 3" end: 3" carbon is not attached to another monosaccharide. By convention, written 5" to 3" e. g. gatc. Model building constrained by 3 pieces of evidence: Within a species, base composition is same regardless of tissue, age, or environment. Pattern suggests double-helix with a periodicity of 3. 4 nm containing 10 repeating units. Two dna strands associated to form a double helix. Normally right handed meaning that if you look at the helix along the axis the curve is in a clockwise direction. Base pairs lie on the inside and the phosphate groups are on the outside to minimize charge repulsion. And salt stabilization of the phosphates" negative charge.

Get access

Grade+20% off
$8 USD/m$10 USD/m
Billed $96 USD annually
Grade+
Homework Help
Study Guides
Textbook Solutions
Class Notes
Textbook Notes
Booster Class
40 Verified Answers

Related Documents

Biochemistry 2280A
Final Exam
Study Guide
Biochemistry 2280A Final: mclachlin final
sangriapanda814
Biochemistry 2280A
Final Exam
Study Guide
Biochemistry 2280A Study Guide - Final Guide: Thymidine, Deoxyribonucleotide, Nitrogenous Base
byzantiumwoodchuck692
Biochemistry 2280A Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Polynucleotide, Ribose, Nitrogenous Base
aquamarinealligator180

Related Questions

1. A colorblind woman marries a normal man. Which of thefollowing is true of their children?
a. all will be colorblind
b. all daughters will be normal and all sons will be carriers
c. all daughters will be colorblind and all sons will benormal
d. all daughters will be heterozygous and all sons will becolorblind
e. it is impossible to predict with any reasonable degree ofcertainty

2. Cleft chin is an autosomal dominant trait. A man with a cleftchin marries a woman with a round chin. What proportion of theirfemale progeny will show the trait?
a. 0%
b. 25%
c. 50%
d. 75%
e. 100%

3. Which of the following statements is false?
a. individuals with the same phenotype might have differentgenotypes
b. matings between individuals with dominant phenotypes cannotproduce offspring with recessive phenotypes
c. matings between individuals with recessive phenotypes usually donot produce offspring with dominant phenotypes
d. individuals with the same genotype might have differentphenotypes.
e. all the above are correct choices

4. True or False
a. DNA is composed of 4 different types of nucleotides T/F?
b. in the DNA of every species, the amount of adenine presentalways equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of cytosinealways equals the amount of guanine T/F?
c. in a nucleotide, the phosphate group is attached to thenitrogen-containing base, which is attached to the 5 carbon sugarT/F?
d. Watson and Crick built their model of DNA in the early 1950sT/F

5. MATCHING - each choice can be used more than once.
a. ribosomal RNA
b. DNA
c. mRNA
d. tRNA
e. RNA polymerase
-carries the genetic code sequence
-joins up with amino acids
-attaches the specific amino acids
-contains no uracil
-has anticodons
-determines amino acid sequence
-reads the codons
-contains codons
-has 2 polynucleotide chains
-has deoxyribose sugar
-makes RNA molecules in the nucleus

6. The number of base pairs in the human genome is about:
a. 1 million
b. 1 trillion
c. 10 billion
d. 75 billion

7. Pyrimidines are
a. single ringed
b. triple ringed
c. double ringed
d. none of these

8. Adenine is
a. double ringed
b. single ringed
c. a straight up chained carbon compound
d. a phospholipid

9._______ is the enzyme which puts together the correct DNA basesequence
a. DNA polymerase
b. RNA polymerase
c. helicase
d. adenine

1. A colorblind woman marries a normal man. Which of thefollowing is true of their children?
a. all will be colorblind
b. all daughters will be normal and all sons will be carriers
c. all daughters will be colorblind and all sons will benormal
d. all daughters will be heterozygous and all sons will becolorblind
e. it is impossible to predict with any reasonable degree ofcertainty

2. Cleft chin is an autosomal dominant trait. A man with a cleftchin marries a woman with a round chin. What proportion of theirfemale progeny will show the trait?
a. 0%
b. 25%
c. 50%
d. 75%
e. 100%

3. Which of the following statements is false?
a. individuals with the same phenotype might have differentgenotypes
b. matings between individuals with dominant phenotypes cannotproduce offspring with recessive phenotypes
c. matings between individuals with recessive phenotypes usually donot produce offspring with dominant phenotypes
d. individuals with the same genotype might have differentphenotypes.
e. all the above are correct choices

4. True or False
a. DNA is composed of 4 different types of nucleotides T/F?
b. in the DNA of every species, the amount of adenine presentalways equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of cytosinealways equals the amount of guanine T/F?
c. in a nucleotide, the phosphate group is attached to thenitrogen-containing base, which is attached to the 5 carbon sugarT/F?
d. Watson and Crick built their model of DNA in the early 1950sT/F

5. MATCHING - each choice can be used more than once.
a. ribosomal RNA
b. DNA
c. mRNA
d. tRNA
e. RNA polymerase
-carries the genetic code sequence
-joins up with amino acids
-attaches the specific amino acids
-contains no uracil
-has anticodons
-determines amino acid sequence
-reads the codons
-contains codons
-has 2 polynucleotide chains
-has deoxyribose sugar
-makes RNA molecules in the nucleus

6. The number of base pairs in the human genome is about:
a. 1 million
b. 1 trillion
c. 10 billion
d. 75 billion

7. Pyrimidines are
a. single ringed
b. triple ringed
c. double ringed
d. none of these

8. Adenine is
a. double ringed
b. single ringed
c. a straight up chained carbon compound
d. a phospholipid

9._______ is the enzyme which puts together the correct DNA basesequence
a. DNA polymerase
b. RNA polymerase
c. helicase
d. adenine

Match each term with its definition. Each term or definition is used only once

- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

right-spiraling common DNA form
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

referencing the opposite orientation of hydrogen-bonded DNA strands
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

viral particle whose natural host is a prokaryote
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

universal holding that the number of purines always equals the number of pyrimidines
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

nucleic acid base sequences able to form a double-stranded structure by virtue of matching base pairs
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

5’→ 3’ or 3’→ 5’
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

nuclease able to cleave phosphodiester linkages in the DNA backbone
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

the structure formed by two DNA strands twisted around a common axis in a spiral
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

bacterial cycle of phage- infected cells resulting in cell destruction and viral release
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

main access site for proteins that recognize specific DNA sequences
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

a cytosine modification favoring Z DNA formation
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

nucleic acid monomer consisting of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

connects two nucleic acid sugar molecules via an ester bond
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

hydrolyzes peptide bonds linking amino acids
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

U or C in RNA
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

a pentose sugar
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

an enzyme that breaks down RNA
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

either of the two nucleotide chains of a double helix
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

a pyrimidine able to hydrogen bond with adenine
- A. B. C. D. E. F. G. H. I. J. K. L. M. N. O. P. Q. R. S. T.

a DNA configuration favored by high ionic strength and GC repeats
A.

protease
B.

lysis
C.

double helix
D.

bacteriophage
E.

complementary
F.

Chargaff’s rule
G.

B DNA
H.

major groove
I.

nucelotide
J.

antiparallel
K.

RNAse
L.

directionality
M.

phosphodiester linkage
N.

ribose
O.

Z DNA
P.

pyrimidine
Q.

methylation
R.

DNAse
S.

uracil
T.

strand