BI110 Study Guide - Final Guide: Atp Synthase, Sister Chromatids, Chemiosmosis

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4 Dec 2014

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Scientists suspect that the drug will be harmful to humans because it will directly inhibit _________ Answer: the creb cycle and chemiosmosis: during chemiosmosis . Answer: atp is synthesized with h+ ions move through a protein port provided by atp synthase. Answer: chlorophyll a: yeast can produce atp by either fermentation or chemiosmosis; thus they are . Answer: sister chromatids, daughter chromosomes begin to move toward opposite poles of the cell, the centromeres of each chromosomes divide. Answer: competitive inhibitors bind to the active site, whereas noncompetitive inhibitors bind to an allosteric other site: water is a byproduct of aerobic cellular repiration. the water is produced as a result of. Answer: in the inter-membrane space: accessory pigments within a photosystem ______. Answer: allow plants to harvest energy from wider range of visible spectrum: cyclins bind to and activate _____ which ____other proteins involved in cell cycle.

Related Questions

Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding photosynthesis and cellular respiration is true?

	A.	Photosynthesis occurs in mitochondria, and cellular respiration occurs in chloroplasts.
	B.	Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, and cellular respiration occurs in mitochondria.
	C.	Photosynthesis occurs in mitochondria and in chloroplasts.

Question 2

How do cells capture the energy released by cellular respiration?

	A.	They produce glucose
	B.	The energy is coupled to oxygen
	C.	They produce ATP

Question 3

During redox reactions

	A.	the loss of electrons from one molecule is called reduction
	B.	electrons are lost from one substance and added to another substance
	C.	protons from one molecule replace the electrons lost from another molecule

Question 4

Oxidation is the ________, and reduction is the ________.

	A.	gain of oxygen; loss of oxygen
	B.	loss of electrons; gain of electrons
	C.	gain of protons; loss of protons

Question 5

During cellular respiration, NADH

	A.	delivers its electron load to the first electron carrier molecule.
	B.	is chemically converted into ATP
	C.	is the final electron acceptor

Question 6

A drug is tested in the laboratory and is found to create holes in both mitochondrial membranes. Scientists suspect that the drug will be harmful to human cells because it will inhibit

	A.	the citric acid cycle only.
	B.	glycolysis only
	C.	the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 7

Which of the following metabolic pathways is common in aerobic and anaerobic metabolism?

	A.	glycolysis
	B.	the citric acid cycle
	C.	electron transport chain

Question 8

Which of the following is a result of glycolysis?

	A.	production of CO2
	B.	a net loss of two ATPs per glucose molecule
	C.	conversion of glucose to two three-carbon compounds

Part 1

The enzyme responsible for the synthesis of ATP is

Multiple choice

ATP-ase.

cytochrome C.

NADPH.

ATP synthase.

Part 2

The terminal electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is water.

True/Fale

Part 3

Alex, Kim, and Jenna have different levels of activity, and thus require a varied amount of calories per day. Alex is an athlete, and he requires 3500 calories per day to fuel his high intensity activity. Jenna is a secretary and is sedentary most of her day. Her low level of activity requires a mere 1800 calories a day, while Kim, a professional dancer, needs 2800 calories per day to fuel her moderate level of activity.

	Jenna	Kim	Alex
Profession	Secretary	Professional Dancer	Athlete
Level of Activity	Low	Moderate	High
Caloric Needs	1800 Calories/Day	2800 Calories/Day	3500 Calories/Day

Fats are broken down in cellular respiration to generate the ATP needed to fuel our bodies. According to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Percent Recommended Daily value for fats in a balanced diet should not exceed more than 30% of the total daily calorie intake. Fats provide 9 calories per gram.

Nutritional needs of Jenna

What question would this calculation answer?
Finding 30% of 1800 calories and then dividing by 9 calories per gram.
1800 calories x 0.30 = 440 calories
440 calories/9 calories per gram = 49 grams

Multiple Choice

How many grams of fat can Jenna consume in one meal?

How many fat calories can Jenna consume each day?

How many calories are found in 9 grams of fat?

How many grams of fat can Jenna consume each day?

Part 4

Proton pumps are protein complexes that

Multiple Choice

synthesize water from hydrogen and oxygen.

break down water into hydrogen and oxygen.

move hydrogen ions across cell membranes.

move electrons through the cell membrane.

Part 5

As protons move through the proton pump,

Multiple Choice

the membrane becomes more permeable to the hydrogen ions.

the concentration of hydrogen ions inside and outside the cell reaches equilibrium.

they build up on one side of the membrane, producing a concentration gradient.

conformational changes occur within the membrane proteins.

Part 6

The transfer of hydrogen ions across the membrane generates a potential energy gradient.

True/False

________30. If you are investigating the inner structure of a new cell and see that it has a significantly larger amount of RER than other cells. You would conclude the cell does a great deal of____?
A. ATP synthesis

B. protein synthesis
C. DNA synthesis
D. active transport
E. polysaccharide hydrolysis

________31. If a cell comes in contact with a toxic substance such as H2O2, it could survive as long as it has a ___ to digest it.
A. DNA
B. peroxisome

C. mitochondria
D. phospholipids
E. intermediate filaments

________32. Some cells have structures to help them withstand osmotic pressure. For example,
A. Plant cells due to their walls
B. Animal cells due to the sodium/potassium pumps

C. Bacterial cell due to their swimming

D. Viruses due to their protein coats

________33. Evolution occurs only as a cell ____.

A. They undergo mitosis
B. Change in their gene pool
C. They move from one habitat to another

D. They begin to eat different foods

________34. Ribosomes are produced in the

A. nucleoli.
B. chromatin.
C. nuclear envelopes.

D. Golgi complex. E. cisternae.

________35. Algae are often green, but there are red and brown species also. What accounts for this difference in color?
A. The chlorophyll of chloroplasts
B. The pigments in other plastids

C. The presence of a mitochondria
D. The accumulation of cellular wastes

________36. The chloroplast and other like prokaryotes have which of the following that helps with photosynthesis?
A. They live in water based environments
B. They have chloroplasts in their cytoplasm

C. Change color in the dark vs. the sun
D. They have photoreceptor proteins in their membranes or mesosomes.

________37. Located in the membrane, we see a set of proteins called receptors that only connect with or bind to specific substances. This is called __.
A. ligand specificity.
B. hormone selectivity.

C. cell tonicity.
D. water saturation. E. signal resolution.

________38. Of the following statements, we could say that ___ is false.
A. All organisms are composed of cells and cell products.
B. An organism's structure and all of its functions are due to the activities of cells.
C. The cellular organelles are the simplest structural and functional unit of life.
D. Cells come from preexisting cells.
E. Cells are made from nonliving components including the nucleus, cell membrane and cytoplasm.

________39. If it is really true that our cells are the smallest anatomical unit that meets all of the properties of life, then which of the following could imply otherwise?
A. vacuoles
B. centrioles

C. Golgi apparatus
D. mitochondria
E. endoplasmic reticulum

________40. Oxygen is an absolute need for animal and plant cells alike due to the ___.

A. RER
B. Mitochondria
C. Lysosomes

D. DNA

________41. In a plasma membrane, we expect to see the carb/protein structures to extend into the ___, but the secondary messengers to move within the __.
A. extracellular fluid; cytosol
B. cytosol; extracellular fluid

C. intracellular fluid; cytosol

D. cytosol; intracellular fluid

E. extracellular fluid; plasma

________42. Bacteria are found in all of the following habitats:

A. Caves
B. Oceans
C. Animals

D. Everywhere on Earth

________43. Two solutions are separated by a selectively permeable membrane. Solution A has a higher concentration of an impermeable solute compared to solution B. Which of the following do you expect would happen?
A. solute will move from solution A to solution B

B. solute will move from solution B to solution A

C. water will more from solution A to solution B

D. water will move from solution B to solution A E. no movement of solute or water will occur

________44. In the kidney, we notice that almost all of the cells involved in the production of urine have high concentrations of the Na+/K+ pump. Which typically works to push Na+ ___ its concentration gradient by using ___.
A. up; active transport

B. up; facilitated transport
C. up; cotransport
D. down; active transport
E. down; facilitated transport

________45. In the charts of a patient recently admitted to the hospital noted that he was taking a medication called lithium and high doses of calcium supplements. Given this, we would expect the patientâs liver to have a higher than normal amount of __ to purify out the lithium and calcium.

A. lysosomes.
B. centrosomes.
C. mitochondria.
D. peroxisomes.
E. rough endoplasmic reticulum.

________46. We have long observed that our neural cells in the brain cannot replicate or replace themselves due to the lack of ____.
A. produce ATP.
B. divide.

C. produce enzymes.
D. secrete material across their plasma membrane E. conduct electrical signals.

________47. An organismâs structure and function is ultimately due to the structure and function of itâs __.
A. Organs
B. Tissues

C. Cells

D. Nuclei

BI110 Study Guide - Final Guide: Atp Synthase, Sister Chromatids, Chemiosmosis

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