LING 3P71 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3, 4: Phrase Structure Rules, Preposition And Postposition
15 Jan 2016
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Ling 3p71 chapter 3: constituency, trees, and rules. Constituents: group of words that function together as a unit. Constituency/hierarchical structure: constituents in a sentence are embedded inside other constituents. People tend to perceive embedded clicks in sentences at the edges of constituents rather than where they actually occur. Head: the head of a phrase is the word that gives the phrase its category. Principle of modification: if an xp modifies some head y, then xp must be a sister to. Words that combine 2 adjectives into a single modifier, combine 2 nps, combine 2. Test for constituency: tests that show that a group of words functions as a unit (there are 4) group of words form a constituent ex. Stand-alone/sentence-fragment: form a constituent if the words can stand. Replacement: if you can replace a group of words with a single word, those. Movement: words form a constituent if you can move a group of them around.
