CHEM 120 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8-9: Ionic Radius, Lattice Energy, Nonmetal

• School: McGill University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: CHEM 120
• Professor: Laura Pavelka

Document Summary

Types of bonding: metal & non-metal, ionic, chemical formula for ionic is empirical formula, gives cation-to-anion ratio, nonmetal & nonmetal, covalent bonding, molecular formula, metal & metal, share via electron sea, flows between metal ion core, delocalized. One dot at a time, all around the sides first then pair. Nonmetal: # of unpaired = number electrons gains to form anion. Metal: total dots = electrons to lose to become cation. Ionic solids only exist cuz lattice energy exceeds total energy to form the ions. Periodic trends in lattice energy: decreases down a group, electrostatic energy between cations and anions decrease, cuz ionic radius increases. Increase across period increase magnitude of charge = increase lattice energy. Covalent bonds come from this balance: formation of covalent bond results in greater electron density between nuclei. Bond order: number of electron pairs being (single, double, triple bond)