POLI 227 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Modernization Theory, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, Islamic Fundamentalism
30 Mar 2018
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Modernization theory assumes that as developing countries modernize, religion and politics will become increasingly separate, as religion impedes on politics and economy if it is a factor in policy making. Us has constitutional separation of church and state, europe has national/state declared religions. Although not actively mixing religion and politics, it is clear that religious groups, organizations etc. are still part of society and so do influence politics. Third world especially sees interaction of religion and politics: identify national/regional cultures with a religion. 4 major religions in lcds: catholicism, islam, buddhism, hinduism, (but also, protestantism, confucianism, christian orthodoxy but limited impact) Major division between two branches: sunnis and shi"ites with violent clashes: political and cultural tensions within states having division between two branches. Impact of religion on modernization, politics, and economy. Argued to impede on modernization, but noted that in some cases, ethic and life-style culture promoted by some religions (i. e. confucianism) facilitates economy/politics in a state (i. e. middle east)
