PSYC 215 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Cockroach, Acting White, Hazel Rose Markus
10 Nov 2015
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Strangers taking an elevator together are not generally considered a group. People stuck in a broken elevator may be considered a group they may decide. Definition: the effect, positive or negative, of presence of others on performance. Norman triplett (1898: social facilitation research, noticed that fastest times for racing cyclists were recorded when cyclists competed on the same track (as opposed to being timed individually) Does the presence of others facilitate human performance: group of 40 children were asked to turn a fishing reel as fast as possible. 3 trials next to a child performing the same task (coacting) Children reeled faster in the presence of a second child. Same effects observed with an audience member (no coacting) Same effect observed in several animal species: dogs, fish, etc. eat more in the presence of others, ants dig more earth, fruit flies do more preening, etc.
