CHEM 2OA3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 7: Rate-Determining Step, Sn2 Reaction, Substitution Reaction
30 Jun 2015
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Occurs when a leaving group is replaced by a nucleophile. Function of leaving groups: lg takes e- density via induction, making the connecting atom electrophilic, lg stabilizes negative charge that can develop as a result of the lg separating from the substrate. Halogenated organic compounds are commonly used as electrophiles. The halogen goes before the parent chain (ex. If the chirality center is present in the compound, it is presented at the beginning of the name. Can be primary, secondary, tertiary (# of r groups it"s bonded to) Insecticides, defence mechanism against predators, clinical applications, food industry. Concerted process: nucleophilic attack and loss of the leaving group occur simultaneously. Stepwise process: loss of the leaving group occurs first followed by nucleophilic attack. The step with the highest energy transition state determines the rate of the overall process= rate determining step. Many substitution reactions follow a stepwise mechanism. First step is the rate-determining step in stepwise reactions.
