PHAR 100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 23: Performance-Enhancing Substance, Diethyl Ether, Blood Doping

• School: Queen's University
• Department: Pharmacology and Toxicology
• Course: PHAR 100
• Professor: Bill Racz

Document Summary

List five major classes of drugs abused by athletes. State the rationale for banning performance-enhancing drugs by most sports associations. State the mechanism of action and effect on performance of the major classes of drugs used by athletes. List the potential toxicities of the performance enhancing substances used by athletes. Ancient greeks ingested mushrooms to increase performance. Aztex people ate the hearts of human sacrifices to improve performance. Belgian racers used sugar cubes dipped in ether as a performance enhancer. Early 1900s boxers ingested brandy and cocaine. Other drugs include: caffeine, alcohol, nitroglycerine, ethyl ether, strychnine and opium. Early 1950s amphetamines and anabolic steroids were banned unethical. In 1972 anabolic steroid use revealed consumption in: 100% of olympic weight lifters, body builders, 75% of pro football players. In 1900 4-12% of high school males, 14% us college sport and 30-75% of professional sports used steroids. 10% of high school aged males have taken anabolic steroids as a cosmetic enhancer.