BLG 10A/B Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Covalent Bond, Galactose, Maltose
20 Oct 2014
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Document Summary
The study of the chemical composition and reactions of living matter. All chemicals in the body fall into one of two major classes: organic compounds: contain carbon, covalently bonded molecules, and are large, carbohydrates: includes sugar and starches. Provide ready, easily used source of cellular fuel: monosaccharides: single chain, containing 3 to 7 carbons. (ch2on) where n is the number of carbons. Formed when 2 monosaccharides are joined by dehydration synthesis (release water to form). Stored primarily in skeletal muscle and liver cells: lipids: insoluble in water but dissolve readily in other lipids and other organic solvents (alcohol). All lipids contain c, h, o, but oxygen is much lower. Phosphorous may also be found: triglycerides: neutral fats. Linear chains of c, h, with organic acid group cooh at one end: saturated: only single covalent bonds between c atoms, unsaturated: one or more double bonds, trans fat: are oils that have been solidified by addition of.
