PSYB01H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Paul Ekman, Science Journalism, Scientific Literature
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Experimental design: used when a researcher wants to test cause and effect; the researcher is able to exercise control over the variable or variables that are assumed to be the causal agent(s) producing the predicted effect. Nonexperimental design: the independent variable cannot be directly manipulated and confounding factors are difficult to control; encompass several types of studies including: quasiexperimental; correlational; survey; single subject/small-n research. Paul ekman psychologist who studied the facial expressions of emotion. He found that most scientists understood emotional expression in the face to be culturally determined by a set of learned social conventions. Ekman studied numerous cultures and found that each culture could identify facial expressions. He found seven major categories of facial expressions of emotions: Conceptual definition: provides the meaning, often very broad scope, of an abstract term. A semantic or linguistic meaning of a psychological term. Operational definition: indicates how a concept is coded, measured, or quantified.
