PSYB10H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: External Validity, Applied Science, Intelligence Quotient
Document Summary
Hindsight bias: people"s tendency to be overconfident about whether they could have predicted a given outcome. Hypothesis: a prediction about what will happen under particular circumstances. Theory: a body of related propositions intended to describe some aspect of the world. Theories generally have support in the form of empirical data. Correlational research: research that does not involve random assignment to different situations or conditions. Psychologists just want to see if there is a relationship. Just want to see if there is a relat. Experimental research: enables researchers to make strong inferences about how different situations or conditions affect people"s behavior. The cause = reverse of what the researcher thinks. Third variable: some other variable exerts a causal influence on both variable 1 and 2. Self-selection: the participant selects his/her level of each variable bringing along other unknown properties that make causal interpretation difficult. E. g. in a study w/ married and single people researcher can"t decide who is married or not.
