PSYB32H3 Chapter Notes -Sickle-Cell Disease, Mendelian Inheritance, Nitrogenous Base
Document Summary
Genotype: genes that a person inherits from their parents, except twins, no two people have the same genotype. Phenotype: created by genotype and environment interacting, can observe it in physical and behavioural characteristics. Mitosis: cell division where chromosomes are duplicated to daughter cells, occurs in autosomes and sex chromosomes. Autosomes: non-sex chromosomes, have matching pairs. Dna: stores genetic info, made up of nucleotides. Genes: part of dna that codes for certain kinds of protiens. Mendel studied pea plants, came up with 2 principles. Principle of segregation: each inherited trait comes as a separate unit (e. g. flower colour), you do not get a set of traits in a bundle. Alleles: gene, we usually have 2, one from each parent. Homozygous: alleles for a trait are the same e. g. aa aa. Heterozygous: alleles for a trait that are different e. g. aa. What happens when a trait is heterozygous? (3 possibilities) combination of 2 dissimilar alleles can sometimes produce intermediate traits.
