PS102 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Naturalistic Observation, Observer-Expectancy Effect, Central Tendency
Document Summary
Scientific theories and hypotheses: theory: explains & predicts observed phenomena, hypothesis: falsifiable (results can be recreated) & testable prediction. Identify cause & effect: meets the explanation goal of psychology, naturalistic & laboratory observations, playground vs big brother, case studies, special samples (ie. genie in linguistic isolation; h. m. , surveys, big samples/self-report, quasi-experiments, experiments. Descriptive statistics: one variable: used to give basic info about what we find, provides a summary/frequency distribution or table, presented as a bar graph or table. Analyzing data: descriptive statistics, summarize actual study data, determine correlations (if there is a relationship btwn the variables) Inferential statistics: extend conclusions to larger populations, determine the hypothesis has been supported or if there is a meaningful difference btwn the groups. Determine correlations (if there is a relationship between the variables) Determine the hypothesis has been supported or if there is a meaningful difference between the groups.
