PS268 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Sigmund Freud, Morphine, Stimulant
Document Summary
Cocaine: intense pleasure & alertness, decreased appetite & need for sleep. Local anesthesia: karl koller: cocaine as anesthetic for eye surgery. Early psychiatric uses: sigmund freud: cocaine for depression & morphine dependence, magical drug . Legal controls on cocaine: popular in 1960, 1985: mostly snorted, abuse potential of snorted lower than smoked or intravenous, 1980s: increased crack cocaine use (cheaper, smoke=easy) Pharmacology of cocaine: source, erythroxylum coca, plant native to north-western south america, blackthorn bush, grows to 2-3m, small, clustered flowers mature to red berries, chemical structure, doesn"t resemble any known neurotransmitters. Mechanism of action: cocaine blocks reuptake of dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin, gaba, glutamate, result: prolonged effect of these neurotransmitters, cocaine effect: pleasure/euphoria due to dopamine buildup. Absorption & elimination: chew/suck leaves: slow absorption, slow onset of effects, lower blood conc, snorting: rapid absorption, reach brain quickly, most common, smoking (crack): less invasive, fast onset, compulsive users, metabolism:
