ACCT1022 Chapter 6: Activity Analysis, Cost Behavior, and Cost Estimation

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lilaclion859

14 Feb 2017

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Chapter 6: activity analysis, cost behavior, and cost estimation. Managers in almost any organization want to know how costs will be affected by changes in the organization"s activity. The relationship between cost and activity is called cost behavior and it is relevant to the management functions of planning, control, and decision making. A cost prediction is a forecast of cost at a particular level of activity. The determination of cost behavior, cost estimation, can be accomplished in a number of ways. Cost functions smooth out fluctuations in demand for each type of product. A variable cost changes in total in direct proportion to a change in activity level. Total variable costs increase in proportion to activity level. Some costs are nearly variable, but they increase in small steps instead of continuously. They include inputs that are purchased and used in relatively small increments.

Related Questions

Mansah Co., Ltd., of Ghana is a manufacturing company whose total factory overhead costs fluctuate considerably from year to year according to increases and decreases in the number of direct labor-hours worked in the factory. Total factory overhead costs at high and low levels of activity for recent years are given below: Level of Activity Low High Direct labor-hours 56,100 74,800 Total factory overhead costs $ 276,310 $ 315,580 The factory overhead costs above consist of indirect materials, rent, and maintenance. The company has analyzed these costs at the 56,100-hour level of activity as follows: Indirect materials (variable) $ 95,370 Rent (fixed) 130,000 Maintenance (mixed) 50,940 Total factory overhead costs $ 276,310 To have data available for planning, the company wants to break down the maintenance cost into its variable and fixed cost elements. Required: 1. Estimate how much of the $315,580 factory overhead cost at the high level of activity consists of maintenance cost. (Hint: To do this, it may be helpful to first determine how much of the $315,580 consists of indirect materials and rent. Think about the behavior of variable and fixed costs

viridianantelope156

PROBLEM 2-17 High-Low Method; Predicting Cost [LO2-4, LO2-5] Sawaya Co., Ltd., of Japan is a manufacturing company whose total factory overhead costs fluctu- ate considerably from year to year according to increases and decreases in the number of direct labor-hours worked in the factory. Total factory overhead costs at high and low levels of activity for recent years are given below: Level of Activity High Direct labor-hours ................. Total factory overhead costs ........ Low 50,000 $14,250,000 75,000 $17,625,000 The factory overhead costs above consist of indirect materials, rent, and maintenance. The com- pany has analyzed these costs at the 50,000-hour level of activity as follows: Indirect materials (variable) ...... Rent (fixed) .... Maintenance (mixed) ...... Total factory overhead costs ..... $ 5,000,000 6,000,000 3,250,000 $14,250,000 To have data available for planning, the company wants to break down the maintenance cost into its variable and fixed cost elements. Required: 1. Estimate how much of the $17,625,000 factory overhead cost at the high level of activity con- sists of maintenance cost. (Hint: To do this, it may be helpful to first determine how much of the $17,625,000 consists of indirect materials and rent. Think about the behavior of variable and fixed costs!) 2. Using the high-low method, estimate a cost formula for maintenance. 3. What total factory overhead costs would you expect the company to incur at an operating level of 70,000 direct labor-hours?

If variable costs per unit increased because of an increase in hourly wage rates, the break-even point would:

a. increase.

b. remain the same.

c. decrease.

d. increase or decrease, depending upon the percentage increase in wage rates.

Zeke Company sells 25,000 units at $21 per unit. Variable costs are $10 per unit, and fixed costs are $75,000. The contribution margin ratio and the unit contribution margin are:

a. 53% and $7 per unit.

b. 47% and $11 per unit.

c. 52% and $11 per unit.

d. 47% and $8 per unit.

If sales are $500,000, variable costs are 75% of sales, and operating income is $40,000, what is the operating leverage?

a. 0

b. 1.3

c. 3.1

d. 1.25

Which of the following describes the behavior of the fixed cost per unit?

a. Increases with increasing production

b. Remains constant with changes in production