BIOL 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Photophosphorylation, Nadph Dehydrogenase, Atp Synthase

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25 Feb 2013

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The photosynthetic organisms capture light energy and use it to transfer hydrogen atoms from water to acceptor molecules, in the process forming molecular oxygen, while synthesizing atp from adp and phosphate. Eventually, a transfer of hydrogen atoms from acceptors to carbons from co2 will form glucose. Photosynthesis takes place in the chloroplast, like the mitochondria, is an endosymbiont. Pancakes stacked upon each other, filled with thylakoid lumen. The chloroplast is like the mitochondria, with a double membrane, with the outer membrane being more permeable. Light reactions: 2 water + 2 nadp + 3 adp + 3 pi -> o2 + 2h + 2nadph + 3 atp. Dark reactions: co2 + 2h + 2 nadph + 3 atp -> carbohydrates + water + 2 nadph + 3 adp + 3 pi. An action spectrum made upon plants indicated that certain wavelengths were more preferable for photosynthesis than others. The pigments in the thylakoid membranes are responsible for this.

Related Questions

Question 1 The membrane structures inside the chloroplast are called the ______, while the fluid surrounding the stacks of membrane is called the ______.
a. stroma; thylakoid
b. thylakoid; cytosol
c. thylakoid; stroma
d. thylakoid; matrix
e. matrix; thylakoid

Question 2 What is considered the ultimate source of energy for living things on Earth?
a. the sun
b. electrons
c. green plants
d. oxygen
e. ATP

Question 3 Why do most plant leaves appear green?
a. They contain a lot of starch which has a green color.
b. They have chloroplasts which absorb green light for photosynthesis.
c. During the light reaction phase carbon dioxide is converted to oxygen which emits green light.
d. They have chloroplasts which absorb all colors of light except for green, which is reflected.
e. During the dark reaction phase water is converted to oxygen which emits green light.

Question 4 Plants perform only photosynthesis, not respiration. True False

Question 5 What is the primary purpose of the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a. to create oxygen gas
b. to produce glucose
c. to convert solar energy to chemical energy (in the form of ATP and NADPH) to power the dark reactions
d. to remove carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere
e. to create water

Question 6 The light dependent reactions occur in the:
a. mitochondrial membrane.
b. mitochondrial matrix.
c. stroma.
d. thylakoid membrane.
e. cytosol.

Question 7 The energy to run the dark reactions of photosynthesis is produced _________.
a. by the CO2 initially used in the dark reactions.
b. during glycolysis
c. during the light reaction phase
d. during the Krebs cycle
e. during anaerobic respiration

Question 8 Which of the following substances could be totally eliminated and not interfere with the process of photosynthesis?
a. O2
b. H2O
c. light
d. CO2

Question 9 What product(s) do plants produce during photosynthesis that is/are used by humans and other animals?
a. carbon dioxide
b. carbon dioxide and water
c. glucose and oxygen
d. glucose
e. oxygen

Question 10 Only plants can carry out photosynthesis. True False

Question 11 During the light reactions of photosynthesis, ...
a. oxygen is produced from H2O.
b. glycolysis occurs.
c. the Krebs cycle occurs.
d. CO2 is combined into glucose.
e. ATP is broken down to ADP + P

Question 12 The reactants of photosynthesis are:
a. sugar.
b. sugar and water.
c. O2 and CO2
d. O2 and sugar.
e. CO2 and water.

Question 13 During the dark reaction phase of photosynthesis in plants...
a. ATP is created.
b. H+ ions are moved into the stroma from the matrix.
c. molecules of CO2 are combined into sugar.
d. H2O is split into oxygen and H+.
e. solar energy is converted to chemical energy.

coffeelion96

The complete set of reactions carried out by an organism is called:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 2

The breakdown of starch is broken down to glucose is an example of:

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 3

For the following statement, determine which description best describes the process: DNA is synthesized from free nucleotides.

a. anabolism

b. catabolism

c. metabolism

Value: 4

Fill in the blank: Catabolic reactions result in the synthesis of molecules of .............via cellular respiration. This is then used to power anabolic reactions.

Value: 5

The energy in organic molecules is released in a series of steps because:

a. it is not possible to release it in a single step.

b. more total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step

c. less total energy is released in multiple steps than would be released in a single step.

d. more energy can be harvested for cellular use in multiple steps than from a single step.

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photosynthesis

1-The light reaction of photosynthesis does not include

a. chemiosmosis

b. oxygen liberation

c. glucose synthesis

d. electron transport

Value: 2

Photosynthesis takes place in the membranes of small sacs called

a. thylakoids

b. photosystems

c. stroma

d. photons

Value: 3

During what stage of photosynthesis is O2 produced?

a. the light-dependent reactions involving photosystems I and II

b. carbon fixation

c. the Krebs cycle

d. O2 is not produced during photosynthesis

Value: 4

The pigment molecules responsible for photosynthesis are located in the

a. mitochondria

b. cytoplasm of the cell

c. stroma of the chloroplast

d. thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast

Value: 5

During what stage of photosynthesis are ATP and NADPH converted to ADP + Pi and NADP+?

a. the light-dependent reactions

b. the light-independent reactions

c. both of the above

d. none of the above

Value: 6

What energy-rich organic compound is produced as a result of the Calvin cycle?

a. ATP

b. NADPH

c. glucose

d. H2O

Value: 7

During photosynthesis, photons raise electrons to higher energy levels. These excited electrons belong to what compound?

a. water

b. ATP

c. chlorophyll

d. electron transport chain

Value: 8

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

a. photosynthesis occurs only in autotrophs; cellular respiration occurs only in heterotrophs

b. photosynthesis uses solar energy to convert inorganics to energy-rich organics; respiration breaks down energy-rich organics to synthesize ATP

c. photosynthesis involves the oxidation of glucose; respiration involves the reduction of CO2

d. the primary function of photosynthesis is to use solar energy to synthesize ATP; the primary function of cellular respiration is to break down ATP and release energy

Matching: Choose the BEST answer to complete each matchingstatement. There is one correct answer for each fill in the blank.Use of letters to answer is fine.

Choices A). Oxygen F). Water K.) ADP P.) AbsorbU.) Stroma of Chloroplast B.) NADP G.) NADPH L). ATP Q.) ReleaseV.) Transpiration C.) Close H.) Open M.) Nitrogen R.) Glucose W.)Thylakoid Membranes D.) Electrons I.) Stomata N.) AMP S.) SunlightX.) Light Reaction E.) Carotenoids J.) Carbon Dioxide O.)Chlorophyll T.) Dark Reaction Y.) Hydrogen ion

1. List the reactants of the light reactions.

2. List the products of the light reactions

3. List the reactants of the dark reactions (Calvin BensonCycle).

4. List the products of the dark reactions (Calvin BensonCycle).

5. In the light reactions (a) is split releasingthese three things (b)

6. (a) for the dark reactions (Calvin Benson cycle) is obtainedby opening the (b) .

7. (a) is lost to the environment through the open (b)

8. The light reactions occur on/in the .

9. The dark reactions (Calvin Benson cycle) occur on/in the.

10.(a) absorb additional wavelengths of light and protect (b)from damage.

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BIOL 201 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Photophosphorylation, Nadph Dehydrogenase, Atp Synthase

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