CHEM 181 Lecture 4: lesson 1 topic 2 Vitamins 1
29 Jan 2019
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Topic 2: Micronutrients – Vitamins
Lesson 1 : Vitamins 1
Video 1 :
-Vitamins are nutrients needed in small amount to prevent deficiency diseases.
-A balanced diet contains all the vitamins in the required amounts.
13 Vitamins:
1. Fat Soluble: A, D, E and K
2. Water Soluble: B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, B7, B9, B12, C
The water-soluble vitamins include the B vitamins and vitamin C. Vitamin C is not in the water
soluble "box" (formatting issue) but it is a water-soluble vitamin.
France: French physiologist Magendie (1783-1855)→ bone broth (but low in vitamins)
Gelatin commission: gelatine alone could not sustain life
Beriberi disease: from Sinhalese (Srilanka) means “I cannot”
Dr. Eijkman thought that this disease was born by germs that could be transmitted
Experiment: inject blood from human beriberi patients in a chicken blood→Nothing
But then chicken fed polished rice developed beriberi (not the chicken that ate whole-
grain rice). Beriberi was caused by a nutritional deficiency.
The diet of people suffering from beriberi was mostly based on polished rice.
→Vitamin B1 presented in brown rice prevented this disease from manifesting itself
-Billions of dollars are spent on vitamins and supplements.
-Vitamins is added to food as supplement.
Vitamin C:
-chemical name: ascorbic acid.
Vitamin B1: Thiamine or Thiamin
Vitamin B2: Riboflavin
Vitamin B3: Niacin
Vitamin B5: Pantothenic Acid
Vitamin B6: Pyridoxine
Vitamin B7: Biotin
Vitamin B9: Folic Acid (Folate)
Vitamin B12: Cobalamin (Cyanocobalamin)
Term vitamin from vital amine (even if some vitamin doesn’t have amine)
Document Summary
Vitamins are nutrients needed in small amount to prevent deficiency diseases. A balanced diet contains all the vitamins in the required amounts. 13 vitamins: fat soluble: a, d, e and k, water soluble: b1, b2, b3, b5, b6, b7, b9, b12, c. The water-soluble vitamins include the b vitamins and vitamin c. vitamin c is not in the water soluble "box" (formatting issue) but it is a water-soluble vitamin. France: french physiologist magendie (1783-1855) bone broth (but low in vitamins) Gelatin commission: gelatine alone could not sustain life. Beriberi disease: from sinhalese (srilanka) means i cannot . Dr. eijkman thought that this disease was born by germs that could be transmitted. Experiment: inject blood from human beriberi patients in a chicken blood nothing. But then chicken fed polished rice developed beriberi (not the chicken that ate whole- grain rice). The diet of people suffering from beriberi was mostly based on polished rice.
