BIO130H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Exon, Transferase, Leaky Scanning
31
BIO130H1 Full Course Notes
Verified Note
31 documents
Document Summary
Most genes in cell produce mrna molecules that serve as intermediaries on the pathway to proteins. A mrna sequence is decoded in sets of three nucleotides: Once mrna has been produced by transcription and processing, the information present in its nucleotide is used to synthesize a protein. Translation the conversion of information in rna to proteins. The nucleotide sequence of a gene, through the intermediary of mrna, is translated into the amino acid sequence of a protein by rules that are known as the genetic code. The sequence of the nucleotides in the mrna molecule is read in consecutive groups of three. Rna is a linear polymer of four different nucleotides, therefore there are 64 different possible combinations of three nucleotides. Since there are only 20 amino acids, the code is redundant. Each group of three nucleotides is called a codon. In principle, therefore, the same rna sequence can specify three completely different amino acids, depending on the reading frame.
