Pathology 3245B Lecture 5: 5. Respiratory Pathology - Kwan
13 Feb 2017
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Know (cid:449)hat"s normal about the lungs to know (cid:449)hat"s abnormal so structure and function of the lungs. Chronic obstructive lung disease: non-infectious diseases of lung. Right lung: 3 lobes upper, middle, and lower. Left lung: 2 lobes upper and lower. Cartilage rings prevent it from breaking down: a series of branching tube 23 generations. Terminal bronchioles: no bigger than 1 mm in diameter. Lacks smooth muscle, lacks gland-secreting muscles & lacks cartilage. Consists of: respiratory bronchiole, alveolar ducts, and alveolar sacs. Basic unit of gas exchange occurs (difference from terminal bronchiole) Cells lined by specialized lining (very delicate) no thicker than 0. 5 m. Type 2 cells: progenitor cells for type 1 cells & produce surfactant. Site of gas transfer: occurs across alveolar-capillary membrane, alveolar-capillary membrane. Capillary epithelium: type 1 & type 2 pneumocytes. Basement membrane & interstitial tissue: supports pneumocytes and surrounding endothelial cells. Gas exchange requires ventilation and perfusion to work properly.
