ANFS332 Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern, Pattern Recognition Receptor, Teichoic Acid
4 Feb 2020
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Document Summary
Innate immunity porcine reproductive & respiratory syndrome (prrs) group exercise. Teichoic acid associated with the peptidoglycan layer of gram positive bacteria. An ancient capability common to all eukaryotic organisms. Complement receptors (crs) bind to complement proteins that opsonize microorganisms. Toll-like receptors (tlrs) are transmembrane proteins involved in detection of microbes. There are 10-13 members of the tlr family in mammals. The activation of tlr promotes the production of proinflammatory cytokines and other molecules that are in turn essential for induction of adaptive immunity. Despite the crucial role they exert in the early host defense against invading pathogens, excessive or inappropriate activation of tlrs leads to inflammatory disorders. Don"t memorize numbers (tlr4) but do know what they recognize (lps) Rois (reactive oxygen intermediates) and rnis (reactive nitrogen intermediates) - highly toxic to microorganisms are made. Cytokines and chemokines (small proteins which function as the chemical messengers of the immune response facilitating cell-cell communication) are produced (remember tnfa)
