PSYC 215 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Cockroach, Individuation, Cognitive Flexibility
8 Jun 2016
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A group is described as a collection of individuals who have relations to one another that make them interdependent to some signi cant degree . Social facilitation: initially a term for enhanced performance in the presence of others; now a broader term for the effect, positive or negative, of the presence of others on performance. Triplett (1898: children had to turn a sh reel as fast as they could; both alone and in the presence of another child. Results: turned the reel faster in the presence of others. The presence of others tends to facilitate performance: effects also seen in animals and when the two people are doing a different task. Presence of others has also been shown to inhibit performance. Zajonc"s theory: the presence of others tends to facilitate performance on simple or well-learned tasks, but hinders performance on dif cult or novel tasks.
