Chapter 9 Emotions in Social Relationships Social goals and social emotions N %Z4.447L3,908-09Z003O4;0,3897L1041903.,OO0897L1054Z07 N Freud sexuality and death, creative and destructive N Child dev. love and control N Anthro. intimacy and coordination N == N Lorenz argued that aggression is an innate drive like hunger, and that human culture is in peril: aggression threatens to run out of control because technology and bureaucracy hold back humans from reconciliation and peace-making Three kinds of social motivation: attachment, affiliationaffection and assertion N Attachment function is primarily that of protection and care for an immature infant N Affectionaffiliation often described as warmth; contributes to parenting, more generally draws individuals together even when they are not genetically elated N Assertion motivation to rise in the social hierarchy, to resist challenges from those who diminish us; motivation of competition and of conflict. N == N Think of it as managing social goals; 3D representation ** o Typical positive emotions for attachment: trust, comfort and reassurance; loss: distress, anxiety. o Typical positive emotions for affiliation: affection, warmth, liking; loss: sadness and grieving. o Main emotion of assertion is anger: to win or maintain status, loss of status: accompanied by shame or embarrassment and other emotions of deterrence. Attachment and its separation from affiliation N Along with the significance of protection that attachment brings, there is affiliation as well, including sensitivity. N Infants develop their sense of trust from parents being sensitive and responsive. o %K48014:394-024708038L9L;0:7L3J9K0L7-,-L081L7890,7Z070,O8414:394-080.:70O,99,.K0,99K0 end of the year N Approach and separation o Joy activates the left side of the cortex o Distress activates the right side of the cortex. (separate system, not reduction of left side) N 422:3,O70O,9L3J,349K07Z478.,7L3J J ,OO44:,1,;470;03L14:4394,39KL3J14720 VS. reciprocal, expecting an exchange which has more a commercial quality. Emotions as social N Emotions are evaluations, or appraisals, of events that affect different kinds of social goals. N They create social relationships o Smile is not just a smile. It is an invitation to a cooperative relationship. o An angry expression is a declaration of conflict. N Commitments We must commit ourselves, for a time at least, to the relationship for which emotion sets the frame. N Effective parenting needs three social motivation: attachment 94038:70,.KLO8Z47OL88,10affiliation to surround the child with affection, and assertion to ensure effective control and monitoring. Emotions within intimate relationships Early attachment as a template for later love N Affectional bond long-term cooperation and accomplishment between two individuals, in which they could not do alone. N Shaver et al. (1988) propose that adult love depends on three systems: attachment, caregiving of infants by parents, and the sexual relating of reproduction Maternal caregiving and affiliative warmth N In rats, mothers: o Change posture when infants suckle o Squeak when babies get out of nest o Lick their infants, which supposedly improves their health; DNA methylation at a gene promoter in the hippocampus N Similar to humans: o !L.NL3J:54308L31,39K,8,3:78L3J0110.9 o Licking can be considered similar to cuddling, kissing , showing affection N === N Primary maternal preoccupation sustains the devotion they need for the baby to flourish. o Description of process of the mother becoming bonded to her baby by bodily contact during the first days after delivery; crucial! N Is early physical contact really a must? o Those who are unable to have close contact still become perfectly good and loving parents and their babies subsequently thrive just as well. www.notesolution.com
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