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23 May 2019

DNA fingerprinting is a common method use by forensics labs to identify suspects using DNA sequence. The accuracy of this test is very high because DNA sequence between individuals is unique. What specific details of DNA fingerprinting lends to the high specificity of this method?

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Nestor RutherfordLv2

26 May 2019

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Related questions

Recombinant DNA Technology

The questions all relate to the same topic and somewhat interrelate

1. Plasmids used in vitro to clone foreign DNA fragments are called ___

A. Transgenic.

B. Clones.

C. Vectors.

D. Conjugants.

2. VNTR alleles are hypervariable regions of human DNA that differ from each other in:

A. Location of internal sites recognized by restriction enzymes.

B. Variable number of point mutations.

C. Number of copies of an internally repeated DNA sequence.

D. Variable location on different chromosomes.

3. Probability calculations are used in forensic applications of DNA fingerprinting to determine if:

A. DNA from two different sources has matching alleles.

B. DNA samples were degraded before analysis.

C. A match between alleles of different DNA samples might have occurred by chance.

D. An unknown DNA sample is from a male or a female.

4. Plasmid vectors used in cloning often contain a gene for the N-terminal 146 amino acids of the enzyme Î²-galactosidase. What is the purpose of including this gene in the vector?

A. It allows selection of E. coli host cells that contain the plasmid.

B. It allows selection of E. coli host cells that contain plasmid in which the insert has been ligated.

C. It cleaves the insert to allow it to be ligated into the vector.

D. It enables the plasmid vector to replicate in E. coli host cells.

5.The first gene therapy clinical trial took place in 1990, on patients with SCID (severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome). Is this true or false?

A. True

B. False

copperferret659

â Sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins play a key role in many fundamental biological processes, such as transcription, DNA replication and recombination. Very often, these DNA-binding proteins introduce structural changes to the target DNAbinding sites including DNA bending, twisting or untwisting and wrapping, which in many cases induce a linking number change (âLk ) to the DNAbinding site. Due to the lack of a feasible approach, âLk induced by sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins has not been fully explored. In this paper we successfully constructed a series of DNA plasmids that carry many tandem copies of a DNA binding site for one sequence-specific DNA-binding protein, such as Î»O, LacI, GalR, CRP and AraC. In this case, the protein-induced âLk was greatly amplified and can be measured experimentally. Indeed, not only were we able to simultaneously determine the protein-induced âLk and the DNA-binding constant for Î»O and GalR, but also we demonstrated that the protein-induced âLk is an intrinsic property for these sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins. Our results also showed that protein-mediated DNA looping by AraC and LacI can induce a âLk to the plasmid DNA templates. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the protein-induced âLk does not correlate with the protein-induced DNA bending by the DNA-binding proteins.â NAR 38:3643.

1. What is the definition of âLk?

2. If DNA is negatively supercoiled, what is the value of âLk?

3. In general, how do DNA-binding proteins, such as Î»O, LacI, GalR, CRP and AraC, effect âLk and DNA supercoiling?

4. How might DNA supercoiling, and the DNA binding proteins (Î»O, LacI, GalR, CRP and AraC), effect transcription?

1. (a) What is the structural differencebetween all deoxyribonucleotides and all ribonucleotides and whydoes this make DNA more appropriate to act as the genetic materialthan RNA. (4 points)

(b) Why is uracil replaced by thymine in DNA? (4 points)

(d) The two strands in DNA are antiparallel. What does thismean? (4 points)

(e) Why are they antiparallel? (4 points)

2. A single stranded DNA molecule has thefollowing sequence: 5'-GGTTAGGTTAGGTTAGGTTA-3'

(a) To fully replicate this molecule, what is the sequence ofthe primer that must be synthesized by the primase enzyme (assume aprimer length of 5 bp). (Here and below write how you wouldconventionally write a single stranded DNA sequence, i.e. withoutthe template.) (4 points)

(b) When fully replicated, what is the sequence of the newlysynthesized DNA strand? (4 points)

(d) What is the sequence of what would be synthesized in theabsence of DNA ligase? (4 points)

(e) What is the total number of H-bonds that are formed duringthe synthesis of the DNA strand (from the very beginning)? (4points)

3. Different temperature sensitive mutants ofE. coli in genes encoding proteins involved in replication weregrown at the permissive temperature for several generations andwhile still actively growing the temperature was raised to therestrictive temperature. After raising temperature, the synthesisof new DNA was assessed using radioactively labeled nucleotides.Assume the mutations completely inactivate the proteins at therestrictive temperature and that function of the mutant protein wasabolished instantly temperature was raised. Would any new DNA bedetected in the following mutants after raising thetemperature?

(4 points each) (a) DnaA

(b) DNA helicase

(d) DNA pol I

(e) DNA pol III