PSYA01H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6.4: Color Constancy, Sound Localization, Subjective Constancy
VISUAL PERCEPTION OF SPACE AND MOTION
Depth Perception
Achieved by binocular and monocular cues
Depth Cues –monocular cues-pictorial cues – interposition, size, linear perspective, texture,
haze, shading, elevation
-Motion parallax
- binocular cues – convergence
- retinal disparity
Binocular Cues
Important cue about distance supplied by convergence: result of vergence eye movements
whereby the fixation point for each eye is identical, feedback from these movements provides
info about distance of object from viewer
Another important cue is retinal disparity: the fact that points on objects located at different
distances from observer will fall on slightly different locations on the two retinas; provides basis
for stereopsis; a form a depth perception based on retinal disparity
Stereoscope: device that shows 2 different images to each eye
Some neurons receive info from both eyes and only responds when there is slight disparity
between both objects on the retinas
Monocular Cues
One of most important interposition: object that partially blocks another is perceived as closer
When a car looks tiny we assume it’s far away because we know it’s appropriate size
Linear perspective: arrangement or drawing of objects on a flat surface such that parallel lines
receding from viewer are seen to converge at a point on the horizon
Texture: the fineness of detail present in the surfaces if objects or in the ground or floor of a
scene
Coarser looks closer, finer further
Haze: objects less distinct in their outline and texture are seen as farther from the viewer
Shading: determines whether portions of the surface of an object are perceived as concave or
convex
Popping out better when light from top left (Sun and Perona)
Elevation: objects closer to the horizon seem further
Motion Parallax: as we pass by a scene, objects closer to us pass in front of objects further away
Constancies of Visual Perception
Learning plays role in perception, repeated exposure to set of objects may allow us to classify
them accurately despite dramatic differences in sensory info they produce
Ability to see my book as the same size shape and book even at distance is
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Document Summary
Depth cues monocular cues-pictorial cues interposition, size, linear perspective, texture, haze, shading, elevation. Important cue about distance supplied by convergence: result of vergence eye movements whereby the fixation point for each eye is identical, feedback from these movements provides info about distance of object from viewer. Stereoscope: device that shows 2 different images to each eye. Some neurons receive info from both eyes and only responds when there is slight disparity between both objects on the retinas. One of most important interposition: object that partially blocks another is perceived as closer. When a car looks tiny we assume it"s far away because we know it"s appropriate size. Linear perspective: arrangement or drawing of objects on a flat surface such that parallel lines receding from viewer are seen to converge at a point on the horizon. Texture: the fineness of detail present in the surfaces if objects or in the ground or floor of a scene.
