Homework Help for Biology

(6 Points) We have discussed multiple research papers this summer session and the types of research have varied greatly in their methods and employment. Below is a list of a sampling of these methods. Rank each from the most convincing to least convincing types of evidence produced and write a short paragraph supporting your opinion. a. Testing potential treatments on cell lines b. Accessing databases to determine correlation between behaviors and cancer onset c. Testing potential treatments on xenograph mice d. Results of Clinical trials of potential treatments e. Using Surveys to determine correlation between behaviors and cancer onset

Select the following mechanisms or factors that are involved in the regulation of gene transcription

A. Proteasome degradation

B. Histone modification by acetylation

C. Leucine zipper transcription factors

D. A and B and C

E. A and B

F. A and C

G. B and C

Consider a hypothetical bacterial operon encoding genes needed for the degradation of compound X. Which statement is most likely to be true? I know the answer is B when X is abundant, the operon is on. But why is this? An explanation would be helpful.

A. when X is abundant, the operon is off B. when X is abundant, the operon is on C. this operon displays repressible, rather than inducible, expression.

D. the mRNA produced by this operon is monocistronic

Describe how information is stored and transmitted from cell to cell via mitosis. Your description should make use of all of the following terms: DNA, gene, allele, chromosome, chromatin, genome, DNA replication, (possibility of) mutation, sister chromatids, centromere. Do not describe the details of each phase of mitosis, just generally outline how the genetic information is stored and sorted into two new cells.

. You are interested in continuing the work of Dr Mendes. What is one additional question that you might logically ask about this issue? Justify the question that you propose by logically describing why this is an important question to ask. Design and describe how to run an experiment to test the question you proposed. Be very specific. Make sure that the design is feasible (no growing plants on Jupiter). Include the following: · Independent and dependent variables · Control variables · Equipment and supplies needed · Outline the basic protocol to follow. · Describe WHY and HOW you will manipulate variables

here is the full question:

Do soil microorganisms protect against crop disease?

The rhizosphere, the soil layer surrounding plant roots, is a complex community in which archaea, bacteria, fungi, and plants interact with one another. After plants are attacked by fungal or bacterial pathogens, soil from the rhizosphere may protect plants from future attacks. Such protective soil is called disease-suppressive.

Researchers investigated whether microorganisms were responsible for the protective effects of disease-suppressive soils. Disease-suppressive soil was obtained from an agricultural field in the Netherlands in which sugar beet crops had previously been attacked by a fungal pathogen, Rhizoctonia solani. Other soil was collected from the margin of the field. The researchers predicted that soil from the margin would not offer protection against pathogens.

The researchers then planted and raised sugar beets in greenhouses, using 5 different soil treatments. Each soil treatment was applied to 4 pots, and each pot contained 8 plants. The pots were inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani and placed in greenhouses kept at 20°C with a 16-hour light: 8-hour dark cycle. After 20 days, researchers determined the percentage of infected sugar beet seedlings for each soil treatment. The results of the experiment are shown in the table.

(Data from R. Mendes, et al. Deciphering the rhizosphere for disease-suppressive bacteria, Science 332: 1097-1100 (2011)).

•Plasma membrane (asymmetric) is derived from ER membrane (symmetric). How is a symmetric membrane converted into an asymmetric one?

•How might the asymmetric distribution of lipids in the plasma membrane contribute to its function?

In SSP-PCR, why is it important to determine genomic DNA concentration and quality for interpretation of the test results?

Describe the stages of gene transcription. Genes have special internal DNA sequences that form hairpins and specify a transcription pause. Explain in a mechanistic manner how these sequences affect the rate of transcription and discuss their potential benefits for transcription and translation.

why food residue smells when it becomes into feces?

Why does the thoracic cavity expand in volume?

Does the United States of America have a moral obligation to provide medical treatment for illegal immigrants? Why or why not?

In dideoxy sequencing method,only one primer is used in each reaction tube during DNA synthesis. Why not use both forward and reverse primers in the same tube simultaneously, as in PCR?

1) Density-independent factors may alter birth rates ____.

2) Many antibiotics work by inhibiting the synthesis of peptidoglycan, a component of the bacterial cell wall. Which of the following could potentially be a similar target for anti-fungal drugs? (there aren't any real drugs that actually target this fungal feature, but 1 class of anti-fungals does target fungi unique synthesis pathways for different membrane components)

3) In which lifecycles are spores produced through meiosis? (select ALL correct answers)

2. Describe the current 3-domain system of classification and explain why it replaced the old 5-kingdom system. Explain the major differences between these two taxonomic systems.

% Mass/Volume - What mass of sucrose is needed to make 200 mL of a 5% sucrose solution? Describe how the solution is prepared. (3 pts.)